How can you make a website mobile friendly?

[doodlebuckets]

With so many people in the world using smartphones to surf the web, more and more webmasters are looking for ways in which they can make their websites mobile-friendly. This usually means modifying their sites for the smaller screen size found on such devices, either by providing a separate page that can be viewed comfortably there, or, more commonly, making their websites automatically adapt by shrinking things and moving stuff around.